Preauthorization/Authorization (PA) transactions are used to block funds on the user's card without actually "charging"/"settling" the funds to your bank account.
Once an amount has been authorized then you can capture/settle the funds with a CP transaction type. The amount for the Capture can be any amount up to the original authorization amount.
Now the time limit available to "capture"/settle the funds depends on the length of time that an authorization code is issued for by the issuer.
This varies from issuer to issuer so I can't give you a definitive answer but between 7 to 14 days is normal.
IMPORTANT: If you use an authorization code outside of a validity period the actual settlement will work however in case the user disputes the transaction then this could be a factor for the bank in determining whether the dispute results in a chargeback or not.